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Linux application programming questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    4 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. Explain the difference between a static library and a dynamic library? - Static library is linked into the executable, while a dynamic library (or shared object) is loaded while the executable has started.
  2. How do you create a static library? - If you have a collection of object (.o) files, you can do it by running ar command. Generally a static library has a .a extension, and you can link it into an executable by providing -l libraryname to gcc.
  3. Where should the developed libraries be installed on the system? - GNU recommends /usr/local/bin for binaries and /usr/local/lib for libraries.
  4. What’s LD_LIBRARY_PATH? - It’s an environment variable that lists all the directories which should be searches for libraries before the standard directories are searched.
  5. How do you create a shared library? - Create the object file with -fPIC for position-independent code, then run gcc with -shared option.
  6. How do you install a shared library? - Run ldconfig in the standard directory that it’s installed in.
  7. What does ldd do? - It shows a list of installed shared libraries.
  8. How do you dynamically load a library in your app? - Use dlopen()
  9. What does nm command do? - It reports the list of symbols in a given library.

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Sysadmin interview questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    2 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. What is a level 0 backup?
  2. What is an incremental backup?
  3. What steps are required to perform a bare-metal recovery?
  4. Name key files or directories on a UNIX system that should always be backed up.
  5. Name key files or directories on a Windows system that should always be backed up.
  6. What is RAID 0?
  7. What is RAID 0+1? Why is it better than 0?
  8. What is RAID-5?
  9. Why would you NOT want to encapsulate a root directory with Veritas?
  10. What is concatenation?
  11. What is striping?
  12. What is a spindle?

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OS interview questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    5 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. What is MUTEX ?
  2. What isthe difference between a ‘thread’ and a ‘process’?
  3. What is INODE?
  4. Explain the working of Virtual Memory.
  5. How does Windows NT supports Multitasking?
  6. Explain the Unix Kernel.
  7. What is Concurrency? Expain with example Deadlock and Starvation.
  8. What are your solution strategies for “Dining Philosophers Problem” ?
  9. Explain Memory Partitioning, Paging, Segmentation.
  10. Explain Scheduling.
  11. Operating System Security.
  12. What is Semaphore?
  13. Explain the following file systems : NTFS, Macintosh(HPFS), FAT .
  14. What are the different process states?
  15. What is Marshalling?
  16. Define and explain COM?
  17. What is Marshalling?
  18. Difference - Loading and Linking ?

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PHP interview questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    4 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. What does a special set of tags <?= and ?> do in PHP? - The output is displayed directly to the browser.
  2. What’s the difference between include and require? - It’s how they handle failures. If the file is not found by require(), it will cause a fatal error and halt the execution of the script. If the file is not found by include(), a warning will be issued, but execution will continue.
  3. I am trying to assign a variable the value of 0123, but it keeps coming up with a different number, what’s the problem? - PHP Interpreter treats numbers beginning with 0 as octal. Look at the similar PHP interview questions for more numeric problems.
  4. Would I use print “$a dollars” or “{$a} dollars” to print out the amount of dollars in this example? - In this example it wouldn’t matter, since the variable is all by itself, but if you were to print something like “{$a},000,000 mln dollars”, then you definitely need to use the braces.
  5. How do you define a constant? - Via define() directive, like define (”MYCONSTANT”, 100);
  6. How do you pass a variable by value? - Just like in C++, put an ampersand in front of it, like $a = &$b
  7. Will comparison of string “10″ and integer 11 work in PHP? - Yes, internally PHP will cast everything to the integer type, so numbers 10 and 11 will be compared.
  8. When are you supposed to use endif to end the conditional statement? - When the original if was followed by : and then the code block without braces.
  9. Explain the ternary conditional operator in PHP? - Expression preceding the ? is evaluated, if it’s true, then the expression preceding the : is executed, otherwise, the expression following : is executed.
  10. How do I find out the number of parameters passed into function? - func_num_args() function returns the number of parameters passed in.
  11. If the variable $a is equal to 5 and variable $b is equal to character a, what’s the value of $$b? - 100, it’s a reference to existing variable.
  12. What’s the difference between accessing a class method via -> and via ::? - :: is allowed to access methods that can perform static operations, i.e. those, which do not require object initialization.
  13. Are objects passed by value or by reference? - Everything is passed by value.
  14. How do you call a constructor for a parent class? - parent::constructor($value)
  15. What’s the special meaning of __sleep and __wakeup? - __sleep returns the array of all the variables than need to be saved, while __wakeup retrieves them.
  16. Why doesn’t the following code print the newline properly?    <?php
                $str = ‘Hello, there.\nHow are you?\nThanks for visiting TechInterviews’;
                print $str;
        ?>
    Because inside the single quotes the \n character is not interpreted as newline, just as a sequence of two characters - \ and n.
  17. Would you initialize your strings with single quotes or double quotes? - Since the data inside the single-quoted string is not parsed for variable substitution, it’s always a better idea speed-wise to initialize a string with single quotes, unless you specifically need variable substitution.
  18. How come the code <?php print “Contents: $arr[1]”; ?> works, but <?php print “Contents: $arr[1][2]”; ?> doesn’t for two-dimensional array of mine? - Any time you have an array with more than one dimension, complex parsing syntax is required. print “Contents: {$arr[1][2]}” would’ve worked.
  19. What is the difference between characters \023 and \x23? - The first one is octal 23, the second is hex 23.
  20. With a heredoc syntax, do I get variable substitution inside the heredoc contents? - Yes.
  21. I want to combine two variables together:

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