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Topics for a Unix sysadmin interview

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    0 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. Job Scheduling; mainly crontab, at, batch command
  2. Backup stetegy; incremental, full system back up; diff between tar & ufsdump
  3. diff between hard link & softlink
  4. How to list only the directories inside a directory (Ans. ls -l|grep “^d”)
  5. RAID levels; pros & cons of diffrent levels; what is RAID 1+0
  6. How to recover a system whose root password has lost?
  7. What is a daemon?
  8. How to put a job in background & bring it to foreground?
  9. What is default permissions for others in a file?
  10. Questions on shell initialization scripts?
  11. Questions on restricted shell
  12. What is diff betwn grep & find?
  13. What is egrep?
  14. Questions on shell programming
  15. What is a pipe?
  16. Questions on Solaris patch management like pkgadd etc
  17. Questions on file system creation; actually what happens when we create a file system?
  18. Questions on RBAC? what is a role accound & what is a profile?
  19. From command line how will you add a user account? the full command will all arguments.
  20. Fs it advisable to put a swap partion in RAID1 (mirroring?) pros & cons?

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Apache interview questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    0 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. On a fresh install, why does Apache have three config files - srm.conf, access.conf and httpd.conf? - The first two are remnants from the NCSA times, and generally you should be ok if you delete the first two, and stick with httpd.conf.
  2. What’s the command to stop Apache? - kill the specific process that httpd is running under, or killall httpd. If you have apachectl installed, use apachectl stop.
  3. What does apachectl graceful do? - It sends a SIGUSR1 for a restart, and starts the apache server if it’s not running.
  4. How do you check for the httpd.conf consistency and any errors in it? - apachectl configtest
  5. When I do ps -aux, why do I have one copy of httpd running as root and the rest as nouser? - You need to be a root to attach yourself to any Unix port below 1024, and we need 80.
  6. But I thought that running apache as a root is a security risk? - That one root process opens port 80, but never listens to it, so no user will actually enter the site with root rights. If you kill the root process, you will see the other kids disappear as well.
  7. Why do I get the message “… no listening sockets available, shutting down”? - In Apache 2 you need to have a listen directive. Just put Listen 80 in httpd.conf.
  8. How do you set up a virtual host in Apache?
    <VirtualHost www.aa.com>
        ServerAdmin admin@aa.com
        DocumentRoot /home/apache/share/htdocs/hostedsites
        ServerName www.aa.com
        ErrorLog /home/apache/logs/error/hostedsites/error_log
        TransferLog /home/apache/logs/access/hostedsites/access_log
    </VirtualHost>
  9. What is ServerType directive? - It defines whether Apache should spawn itself as a child process (standalone) or keep everything in a single process (inetd). Keeping it inetd conserves resources. This is deprecated, however.
  10. What is mod_vhost_alias? - It allows hosting multiple sites on the same server via simpler configurations.
  11. What does htpasswd do? - It creates a new user in a specified group, and asks to specify a password for that user.
  12. If you specify both deny from all and allow from all, what will be the default action of Apache? - In case of ambiguity deny always takes precedence over allow.

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Simple FreeBSD questions

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    1 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. What’s in the file /etc/ttys? - Configuration for virtual consoles for the startup. By default FreeBSD has 8 virtual consoles.
  2. You’re told that the permissions of a file are 645. Quick, how do you calculate what it means? - The permissions value are always 4 for read, 2 for write, 1 for execute. The three numbers are always for owner, group, and everybody on the system. Therefore 645 means: owner - read and write, group - read only, everybody - read and execute. You’ll rarely see such a permission set, but for interview question it might just work.
  3. Explain what each column means in the top command: 
    48630 techinterviews
2   0 29816K  9148K select
 3:18  0.00%  0.00% navigator-linu   175 root       		2
  0   924K   252K select   1:41
 0.00%  0.00% syslogd  7059 techinterviews
2   0  7260K  4644K poll     1:38
  0.00%  0.00% mutt

    The first column is the process id, followed by the username, followed by priority…

  4. Explain the difference between SIGTERM and SIGKILL. SIGTERM asks the application to terminate in a polite way, it warns about the pending closure and asks the app to finish whatever it is doing. SIGKILL will kill the process no matter what. This is telling the application that it will be shut down no matter what.
  5. Explain the difference between SIGHUP, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2. Those are application specific and therefore are not defined on the OS level.
  6. How do you change your shell to bash? 
    % chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash

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Interview questions for a sysadmin

Category: Unix/Linux Questions    |    1 views    |    Add a Comment

  1. Difference between layer 2 and layer 3 devices?
  2. What is VLAN?
  3. What is the subnet for a class C network?
  4. Are you familiar with automounter?
  5. Have you configured an NIS server/client?
  6. Have your configured a NFS server?
  7. Windows and Linux interoperability how to?
  8. What is RAID 1?

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